The Depiction of the Working Class in Elizabeth Gaskell’s North and South and Mary Barton
Keywords:
Victorian industrial fiction, Elizabeth Gaskell, working-class representation, class conflict, poverty, labour exploitation, trade unionism, industrial relations, social realism, narrative sympathy, class reconciliation.Abstract
Elizabeth Gaskell’s novels Mary Barton (1848) and North and South (1855) are foundational works of Victorian industrial fiction, offering vivid and sympathetic portrayals of the socio-economic conditions faced by the working class during England’s rapid industrialization. This paper explores Gaskell’s nuanced depiction of working-class life, examining how she represents their struggles, identities, labour relations, and the structural inequalities embedded within industrial society.


