Recent Advances In Hematology Diagnosis and Treatment of Blood Disorders

Abstract

The last few years have been characterized by tremendous developments made in the field of hematology and the resultant dramatic changes in the diagnostic and therapeutic approach of blood disorders. Conventional approaches, including the examination of peripheral blood smears and generalized formulations of cytotoxic treatments, have been more and more replaced by the latest technologies in diagnostic methods and targeted therapies. This review attempts to focus on the current events in hematological testing and treatment planning outlining their subsequent effects on patient outcomes. Recent diagnostic tools, which include automated hematology analyzers, flow cytometry, molecular diagnostics such as polymerase chain reaction and fluorescence in situ hybridization and next-generation sequencing, have significantly improved the spectrum of early diagnosis, accurate disease typesetting and risk stratification. Digital pathology and artificial intelligence further increase the accuracy of the diagnosis and, at the same time, reduce the variability of observers.